Kelly, Can you help me to prepare my final exam? I have an essay tests in English class, so have to write some essay. I want you to correct some wrong grammer and change akward expression to natural expression in my essay.
Thank you :)
What is the author’s attitude toward free market economy?
Many free market economists argue that the wage gap between rich countries and poor countries is aroused from relative productivities. They believe that the price reflects its real value, so it is fair to get lower wage for workers in poor countries. However, workers in rich countries which doesn’t need any human capital for working get much than those in poor countries. Even workers in poor countries are required much effort to do their job because of bad environment, and there is no significant differences in productivities of two workers. So the wage gap cannot be explained by the argument of free market economists, the relative productivities.
Instead the author says that the reason why differences in wage exist is immigration control of rich countries, called protectionism. Rich countries control immigration to sustain the living standard of people high. Primary reason that poor countries are poor is the shortage of well-structured social infra structure. The shortage of social structure makes limits to show individual talent and abilities and it enlarges the gap between rich countries and poor. Discriminatory immigration policy of rich countries also makes problem worse. It drains intelligent people in poor countries.
Consequently, he author thinks that it is hard to have free market because many market regulations exist like immigration control, so free market economist’s argument that relative productivities determine wage is not valid. The social system called social infra-structure makes the wage gap and unfair distribution of wealth regardless of productivities, so rich countries have some responsibilities to build more fair economic and social system for poor countries. In some aspects, workers in rich countries could be rich in the expense of the workers in poor countries. Most people in rich countries should know that they can earn more than people in poor countries due to their social system, not their individual talent, and consider the way of distributing wealth more fairly.
2. What does the main idea of this article?
The author insist that there are more benefits of usint the Internet than not. The era of digital media is opend by the spread of the internet, and it enables us to face countless informations directly. Due to the abundance of information which have never been before, many people concerns that the richer informations will make quality of them lower. However, the author says that we have already experienced expanding intellecual range of society through spreading information, like Gutenberg’s press and Protestant Reformation, and our quality of living became more higher compared to past which didn’t allow people to have rich informations..
The first benefit of using internet is that the internet’s spread restores reading and writing as central activities. Before using internet, many people just consume time passively like watchiing television, however, internet changed the pattern of consuming time from passive consuming to participating.,
The second benefit that author maintain is that the spread of internet helps us to use cognitive surplus, like open source software which will survive into future.
The last thing is that we should find out the way of using the internet effectively to enhance our society’s output and intelligence. If we find it, it can be more useful and enlarge our society’s intellecual capacity.
There are always trade-off when we face some change as seen before. The inventiong of gutenberg’s press and Protestant Reformation were also controversial, later it turned out that there were great to our society. So consequently, we should focus on creating valuable things as using the internet, and struggle to invent cultural norms.
3. What does the author try to say to readers?
The author says that the internet makes people dumber because of three reasons.
First, the internet distract our attention from concentrating. We can associate new information with existing knowledge meaningfully only when we fully concentrate. However, the the internet prevents us from concentrating by dividing our attention with alert. Experiment conducted at Cornell University probed author’s declaration, it turned out that students who use the internet during a lecture performed worse than those who don’t use it. Even multitaskers were poor at multitasking because of division on attention.
Second, the ill effects of internet don’t go away even when we turn off it. The cellular structure of human brain adapts easily the tools we use, so rearranged cellular structure lowers the quality of our intelligence severely. Also it is supported by experiments on primate brains conducted University of California.
Third, the internet indulges the craving to be inundated by mental stimulation and strengthens instinctive distractedness. While traditional reading with printed pages controls over our attention and mind by requiring deep consideration, the internet can’t control our instinct to be distracted.
Consequently, although the internet brings some useful things like information, it distracts our attention and damps control over mental discipline, so author warns that it can harm our mentality..
